Lemon

Horticulture Guruji

Lemon / Bara Nimbu

Fruit Science

B.N. – Citrus lemon

Family – Rutaceae

Ch.No. – 18

Origin – India

Fruit type- Hesperidium

Inflorescence type – Cymose (Solitary)

Edible part – Juicy Placental Hairs.

  • Galbal has its ancestral form
  • Lemon is divided into 4 groups – 1. Eureka 2. Lisbon 3. Anamalous 4. Sweet Lemon

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Varieties

  • Fureka
  • Lisbon
  • Villafrance – (Eureka group)
  • Lucknow seedless
  • Kagzikalan
  • Nepali Oblong
  • Nepali Round

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  • Pant Lemon – 1 – self-incompatible
  • Baramasi
  • Hill Lemon (Galgal) ( pseudolemon)

Climate

  • The sub-tropical climate and semi-arid conditions are suitable.
  • frost tolerant,
  • It can be grown up to a height of 1200 meters above sea level.

Soil

  • Well-drained, deep, medium to light loamy soil.

Propagation

  • Propagated mainly by seed.

Planting

  • Pits are dug in summer at a distance of 6×6 m of size 60-75 cm3.
  • Planting is done at the beginning of the monsoon.

Irrigation

  • First irrigation is done just after planting.
  • It should be done at an interval of 10 days in summer and at an interval of 10-15 days in winter.
  • Adequate soil moisture should be maintained during flowering and fruiting stages.

Manure and Fertilizers

  • Generally, fertilizers are given thrice in a year i.e. December-January, June-July, and September-October
  • FYM is given in June-July or September-October.
  • P.K. 600 : 400 : 600 g/tree

Training and Pruning

  • Young plants are supported so that they can develop fully.
  • Water sprouts, and weak, crisscrossing branches are cut from time to time.

Harvesting

  • The tree starts bearing fruits after the fourth year of planting.
  • Fully ripe fruits are picked.
  • Harvesting is done from May to September in South India and from June to September in Eastern India (Assam).
  • In North India – December to January.

Yield

  • 600 – 800 fruits per tree per year.
  • Some varieties yield up to 85 kg/plant.

References cited

  1. Commercial Fruits. By S. P. Singh
  2. A text book on Pomology, Vol,1. by T. K. Chattapadhya
  3. Tropical Horticulture, Vol.1, by T. K. Bose, S. K. Mitra, A. A. Farooqui and M. K. Sadhu

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